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 * Copyright(c) 1998-1999, ALICE Experiment at CERN, All rights reserved. *
 *                                                                        *
 * Author: The ALICE Off-line Project.                                    *
 * Contributors are mentioned in the code where appropriate.              *
 *                                                                        *
 * Permission to use, copy, modify and distribute this software and its   *
 * documentation strictly for non-commercial purposes is hereby granted   *
 * without fee, provided that the above copyright notice appears in all   *
 * copies and that both the copyright notice and this permission notice   *
 * appear in the supporting documentation. The authors make no claims     *
 * about the suitability of this software for any purpose. It is          *
 * provided "as is" without express or implied warranty.                  *
 **************************************************************************/

/* AliAnaysisTaskMyTask
 *
 * empty task which can serve as a starting point for building an analysis
 * as an example, one histogram is filled
 */

#include "TChain.h"
#include "TH1F.h"
#include "TList.h"
#include "AliAnalysisTask.h"
#include "AliAnalysisManager.h"
#include "AliESDEvent.h"
#include "AliESDInputHandler.h"
#include "AliAnalysisTaskMyTask.h"
#include "AliESDtrack.h"
#include "AliESDVertex.h"
#include "AliVertex.h"
#include "Riostream.h"


Int_t esd_event_id = 0; // global variable to store unique event id

Double_t highAvgPz, lowAvgPz, highAvgPzEvent, lowAvgPzEvent; //variables to store info about highest and lowest <Pz> values

class AliAnalysisTaskMyTask;    // your analysis class

using namespace std;            // std namespace: so you can do things like 'cout'

ClassImp(AliAnalysisTaskMyTask) // classimp: necessary for root

AliAnalysisTaskMyTask::AliAnalysisTaskMyTask() : AliAnalysisTaskSE(),
    fESD(0), fOutputList(0), fHistPt(0), fHistAvgPz(0), fHistMass(0)
{
    // default constructor, don't allocate memory here!
    // this is used by root for IO purposes, it needs to remain empty
}
//_____________________________________________________________________________
AliAnalysisTaskMyTask::AliAnalysisTaskMyTask(const char* name) : AliAnalysisTaskSE(name),
    fESD(0), fOutputList(0), fHistPt(0), fHistAvgPz(0), fHistMass(0)
{
    // constructor
    DefineInput(0, TChain::Class());    // define the input of the analysis: in this case we take a 'chain' of events
                                        // this chain is created by the analysis manager, so no need to worry about it,
                                        // it does its work automatically
    DefineOutput(1, TList::Class());    // define the ouptut of the analysis: in this case it's a list of histograms
                                        // you can add more output objects by calling DefineOutput(2, classname::Class())
                                        // if you add more output objects, make sure to call PostData for all of them, and to
                                        // make changes to your AddTask macro!
}
//_____________________________________________________________________________
AliAnalysisTaskMyTask::~AliAnalysisTaskMyTask()
{
    // destructor
    if(fOutputList) {
        delete fOutputList;     // at the end of your task, it is deleted from memory by calling this function
    }
}
//_____________________________________________________________________________
void AliAnalysisTaskMyTask::UserCreateOutputObjects()
{
    // create output objects
    //
    // this function is called ONCE at the start of your analysis (RUNTIME)
    // here you ceate the histograms that you want to use
    //
    // the histograms are in this case added to a tlist, this list is in the end saved
    // to an output file
    //
    fOutputList = new TList();          // this is a list which will contain all of your histograms
                                        // at the end of the analysis, the contents of this list are written
                                        // to the output file
    fOutputList->SetOwner(kTRUE);       // memory stuff: the list is owner of all objects it contains and will delete them
                                        // if requested (dont worry about this now)

    // example of a histogram
    fHistPt = new TH1F("fHistPt", "fHistPt", 100, 0, 10);       // create histogram
    fOutputList->Add(fHistPt);          // don't forget to add it to the list! the list will be written to file, so if you want
                                        // your histogram in the output file, add it to the list!

    // |<Pz>| histogram: absolute value of average Pz (or Pz per track) for each event
    fHistAvgPz = new TH1F("fHistAvgPz", "fHistAvgPz", 100, 0, 10);       // create histogram
    fOutputList->Add(fHistAvgPz);

    // my mass histogram
    Double_t fHistMassEdges[12] = {0.0,0.0005,0.0405,0.08,0.12,0.13,0.17,0.48,0.52,0.92,0.96,1.0}; // 11 bins =>> has 11+1 = 12 edges

    fHistMass = new TH1F("fHistMass","Particle Histogram;M_{particle}", 11, fHistMassEdges);
    fOutputList->Add(fHistMass);

    PostData(1, fOutputList);           // postdata will notify the analysis manager of changes / updates to the
                                        // fOutputList object. the manager will in the end take care of writing your output to file
                                        // so it needs to know what's in the output
}
//_____________________________________________________________________________
void AliAnalysisTaskMyTask::export_to_our_ESD_textual_format (Int_t selectedEventID)
{
      ofstream esd_detail, uniqueid;
      std::stringstream esd_filename;
      esd_filename << "esd_detail-event_" << selectedEventID << ".dat";
      esd_detail.open (esd_filename.str(),std::ofstream::app);
      uniqueid.open ("uniqueid.txt");


      fESD = dynamic_cast<AliESDEvent*>(InputEvent());    // get an event (called fESD) from the input file


      if(!fESD) return;                                   // if the pointer to the event is empty (getting it failed) skip this event
          // example part: i'll show how to loop over the tracks in an event
          // and extract some information from them which we'll store in a histogram


      // ___________________________________________
      // Write ESD unique_id information on file

      Int_t run_number = fESD->GetRunNumber();
      Int_t orbit_number = fESD->GetOrbitNumber();
      Int_t bunch_cross_number = fESD->GetBunchCrossNumber();

      if(run_number != 0 && orbit_number != 0 && bunch_cross_number != 0) { // If all numbers are different than zero, write'em to file
        uniqueid << "Run" << run_number << "_Orbit" << orbit_number << "_BunchCross" << bunch_cross_number << endl;
      }

      //___________________________________________

      Int_t iTracks(fESD->GetNumberOfTracks());           // see how many tracks there are in the event

      Double_t Vx = 0.01 * fESD->GetPrimaryVertex()->GetX();	// gets vertexes from individual events, in METERS
      Double_t Vy = 0.01 * fESD->GetPrimaryVertex()->GetY();
      Double_t Vz = 0.01 * fESD->GetPrimaryVertex()->GetZ();
      Double_t MagneticField = 0.1 * fESD->GetMagneticField();	// gets magnetic field, in TESLA

  /*

  Assumed Units: Mass (GeV/c^2) || Energy (GeV) || Momentum (GeV/c) || Charge (* 1.6*10^-19 C)

  */

      if(selectedEventID == esd_event_id) { // when we get to the selected event, fill histograms and write data

        Double_t PzSum = 0;
        Double_t absPzSum = 0;

        for(Int_t i(0); i < iTracks; i++) {                 // loop over all these tracks

          		AliESDtrack* track = static_cast<AliESDtrack*>(fESD->GetTrack(i));         // get a track (type AliESDtrack) from the event

          		if(!track) continue;                            // if we failed, skip this track

          		Double_t Mass = track->M(); // returns the pion mass, if the particle can't be identified properly
          		Double_t Energy = track->E(); // Returns the energy of the particle given its assumed mass, but assumes the pion mass if the particle can't be identified properly.

          		Double_t Px = track->Px();
          		Double_t Py = track->Py();
          		Double_t Pt = track->Pt(); // transversal momentum, in case we need it
          		Double_t Pz = track->Pz();

              PzSum += Pz/iTracks; // Pz sum for |<Pz>| histogram
              absPzSum += abs(Pz)/iTracks; //Remember: in C++, abs function overloads

          		Double_t Charge = track->Charge();

            	// Add VERTEX (x, y, z), MASS, CHARGE and MOMENTUM (x, y, z) to esd-detail.dat file
            	esd_detail << Vx << " " << Vy << " " << Vz << " ";
            	esd_detail << Mass << " " << Charge << " ";
            	esd_detail << Px << " " << Py << " " << Pz << endl;

            	fHistPt->Fill(Pt);                     // plot the pt value of the track in a histogram

            	fHistMass->Fill(Mass);

          }

          if(absPzSum != 0) { // This will only fill |<Pz>| histogram for events with tracks (non-empty)
            fHistAvgPz->Fill(abs(PzSum));
          }

          if(selectedEventID == 0) {
            highAvgPzEvent = 0;
            lowAvgPzEvent = 0;
            highAvgPz = PzSum;
            lowAvgPz = PzSum;
          } else {

            if(PzSum>highAvgPz) {
              highAvgPz = PzSum;
              highAvgPzEvent = selectedEventID;
            }
            if(PzSum<lowAvgPz) {
              lowAvgPz = PzSum;
              lowAvgPzEvent = selectedEventID;
            }

          }

      }

      esd_detail.close();
      uniqueid.close();
}

//_____________________________________________________________________________
void AliAnalysisTaskMyTask::UserExec(Option_t *)
{
    // user exec
    // this function is called once for each event
    // the manager will take care of reading the events from file, and with the static function InputEvent() you
    // have access to the current event.
    // once you return from the UserExec function, the manager will retrieve the next event from the chain

    export_to_our_ESD_textual_format(esd_event_id);

    esd_event_id++; // Increment global esd_event_id

                                                       // continue until all the tracks are processed
    PostData(1, fOutputList);                           // stream the results the analysis of this event to
                                                        // the output manager which will take care of writing
                                                        // it to a file
}
//_____________________________________________________________________________
void AliAnalysisTaskMyTask::Terminate(Option_t *)
{
    // terminate
    // called at the END of the analysis (when all events are processed)
    cout << endl << "Lowest Pz Mean (<Pz>) = " << lowAvgPz << "    at Event " << lowAvgPzEvent;
    cout << endl << "Highest Pz Mean (<Pz>) = " << highAvgPz << "    at Event " << highAvgPzEvent << endl;
}
//_____________________________________________________________________________